Republic of Bashkortostan was founded on November 15. The geographical position of Bashkortostan is situated on the Western slopes of the southern Urals and in the Urals. The highest point on the territory of the Republic is mount Yamantau (1640 meters). The length from North to South is 550 km, from West to East — 430 km.

Forests cover more than 40% of the territory of the Republic. The Urals region is a mixed forest in the Western foothills, mountainous areas and the Bashkir TRANS-Ural located pine deciduous birch forests and coniferous taiga. In the Urals are also common forest-steppe with birch and oak forests, herb-feather-grass steppes, the steppe extends to the TRANS-Ural areas. Soils are mainly gray forest, Chernozem, sod-podzolic.

The region is home to 77 types of mammals, around 300 species of birds, 42 species of fish, 11 species of reptiles, 10 species of amphibians, 15 thousand species of insects, 276 species of spiders, and 70 species of ticks, 120 species of mollusks, 140 species of crustaceans, about 1000 species of worms. The number listed in the Red book of the Republic of Bashkortostan — 18 species of mammals, 49 species of birds, 7 species of fish, 3 species of amphibians, 6 species of reptiles and 29 species of invertebrates, including 28 species of insects